What is the term for a person who encourages another to commit a crime with the intent of facilitating its occurrence?

The term for a person who encourages another to commit a crime with the intent of facilitating its occurrence is criminal solicitation. This concept involves not just encouraging the act but also actively seeking to persuade or entice someone to engage in criminal behavior. In the context of law, solicitation is recognized as a distinct offense because it attempts to influence another individual to commit a crime, regardless of whether the crime actually occurs.

While options like criminal conspiracy, accessory, and accomplice all relate to different roles in criminal activities, they do not specifically capture the act of encouraging or persuading another to commit a crime. For instance, criminal conspiracy refers to an agreement between multiple parties to commit a crime, while an accessory provides assistance to the principal offender either before or after the crime. An accomplice is someone who assists in the commission of a crime but does not necessarily have to encourage it in the way that solicitation implies. Hence, the distinction of "solicitation" highlights the proactive encouragement element, making it the correct term in this context.